sub process
{
        
    my $name = $_[0];#erwartete variable
        
    if($wortliste{$name}==1)
    {
        return '';
    }
    
    
    foreach my $temp (split ',', $connected{$name}) # alle mit $name verbundenen ausdrücke
    {
         $wortliste{$name}=1;
         if($wortliste{$temp}==1)
         {
         next;
         }
         
         push (our @results,"\t".$temp);
         process($temp);   
    }
    return our $results;

my ( $name, $layer ) = @_;
...
process( $temp, $layer + 1 );

push(@results,["\t".$temp,$layer]);

foreach my $ausgabe(@results)
    {   
        print"Ausgabe: $ausgabe \n";
        
    } print "Das ist i: ",$i,"\n";

#! /usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;

my $arrayref = process('test',0);
foreach(@{$arrayref}){
  print "Value: ",$_->[0],"\tLayer: ",$_->[1],"\n";
}

sub process{
  my ($name,$layer) = @_;
  $layer++;
  my @results;
  return \@results if($layer == 4);
  foreach(0..5){
    push(@results,[$_,$layer]);
    push(@results,@{process('name',$layer)}) if($_ == 3);
  }
  return \@results;
}