Modul:  Name1 -- Größe1
Irgendwas
was
anderes
Modul: Name2 -- Größe2
Modul: Name3 -- Größe3
Test

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

my $file = '/path/to/file.txt';

my %hash;

open my $fh,'<',$file or die $!;
while(my $line = <$fh>){
    next unless $line =~ /^Modul:/;
    chomp $line;
    my ($modul,$size) = (split /\s+/,$line)[1,3];
    $hash{$modul} = $size;
}
close $fh;

print sprintf("%10s -- %10s",'Modul','Größe');
for my $module(sort{$a cmp $b}keys %hash){
    print sprintf("%10s -- %10s",$key,$hash{$key});
}